Septoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to correct a deviated septum. The septum is the cartilage and bone that divides the nasal cavity into two separate chambers. When the septum is deviated, it can obstruct airflow through one or both sides of the nose, leading to symptoms such as nasal congestion, difficulty breathing, and recurrent sinus infections.

During septoplasty, the surgeon makes incisions inside the nose and carefully repositions or removes portions of the deviated septum to straighten it and improve airflow. This procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and can often be done on an outpatient basis, meaning the patient can go home the same day.

Septoplasty can provide significant relief from nasal congestion and breathing difficulties, as well as reduce the frequency of sinus infections. Recovery from septoplasty usually involves some discomfort, swelling, and nasal congestion for a few days to a week, but most patients experience improvement in their symptoms within a few weeks after surgery.

Turbinoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to address issues related to the nasal turbinates, which are structures inside the nasal passages that help regulate airflow and humidify the air we breathe.

During turbinoplasty, the surgeon may reduce the size of the turbinates by trimming or removing excess tissue, or by repositioning them to improve nasal airflow. This can help alleviate symptoms such as nasal congestion, difficulty breathing through the nose, and snoring.

Turbinoplasty can be performed using various techniques, including traditional surgical methods or minimally invasive procedures such as radiofrequency ablation or laser treatment. The specific approach depends on the individual's anatomy and the severity of their symptoms.

Recovery from turbinoplasty typically involves mild discomfort, congestion, and some nasal drainage for a few days to a week. Most patients can resume normal activities within a week or two after surgery, although full results may take some time to manifest as swelling subsides and the nasal passages heal.

Turbinoplasty can be a beneficial option for individuals who experience chronic nasal congestion or airflow obstruction that does not respond to conservative treatments like medications or nasal sprays. As with any surgical procedure, it's essential to discuss the potential risks, benefits, and expected outcomes with a qualified healthcare provider.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat chronic sinusitis and other conditions affecting the sinuses.

During FESS, a small, flexible endoscope is inserted through the nostrils to provide visualization of the sinus passages. The surgeon then uses specialized instruments to remove obstructive tissue, such as polyps, scar tissue, or bone, and to widen the natural openings of the sinuses to promote better drainage and airflow.

FESS is typically performed under general anesthesia and is considered a safe and effective treatment option for individuals with chronic sinusitis that does not respond to conservative treatments like medications or nasal sprays.

Recovery from FESS varies from person to person but generally involves mild discomfort, nasal congestion, and some nasal drainage for a few days to a week. Most patients can resume normal activities within a week or two after surgery, although full recovery may take several weeks as the sinuses heal and swelling subsides.

FESS can provide significant relief from symptoms of chronic sinusitis, including facial pain and pressure, nasal congestion, headaches, and reduced sense of smell. As with any surgical procedure, it's important to discuss the potential risks, benefits, and expected outcomes with a qualified healthcare provider.